pump blood under high pressure.

Atherosclerosis

It is the most common chronic disease of the arteries, accompanied by the formation of single and multiple foci of lipid, mainly cholesterol, deposits (plaques) on the inner lining of the arteries. Subsequent proliferation of connective tissue in the artery (sclerosis) and calcium deposition in the walls of the vessel lead to deformation and narrowing of its lumen up to complete blockage of the artery.
Atherosclerosisу наиболее подвержены мужчины в возрасте 50—60 и женщины старше 60 лет. Factors in the development of the disease are: smoking, overweight, elevated blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, stress and a sedentary lifestyle.

As a result, there is a lack of blood supply to the organ fed by through the affected artery. In addition, acute blockage of the lumen of the artery is possible either by a thrombus, or (much less often) by the contents of a decayed plaque, or both at the same time, which leads to the formation of necrosis (infarction) or gangrene in the organ that feeds on this artery.

Type II diabetes

It is a disease of the endocrine system that occurs due to a lack of insulin and is characterized by a gross violation of carbohydrate metabolism and other metabolic disorders. Currently, 150 million people on the planet have diabetes, of which 8 million are Russians.
Do you know that...
Glucose is the main substrate necessary for the energy production and vital activity of any cell. It enters the blood from the intestines after the breakdown of carbohydrates, and can also be formed in the body from glycogen.

Insulin is needed by the body to maintain normal blood sugar levels. In addition, it promotes the entry of glucose into cells, regulates protein metabolism, stimulates the synthesis of proteins from amino acids and their transport into cells. Thus, for the normal functioning of the body, it needs a certain amount of insulin.
Type II diabetes в большинстве случаев встречается у пожилых людей и характеризуется выработкой малого количества инсулина поджелудочной железой. In addition, as a result of the development of this disease, the susceptibility of cells to insulin decreases.
Attention!
As a result of type II diabetes mellitus, acetone, acetoacetic and betahydroxybutyric acids (ketone bodies) are formed in the body in an increased amount, which are toxic to the body and primarily to the brain.

In patients with type II diabetes, hyperglycemia, obesity, hypertension are observed, resulting in an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, decreased vision and sensitivity, and impaired renal function.
It should be noted that with diabetes, it is especially important to follow a diet. Taking the medicine should not be accompanied by the use of carbohydrates, but the amount of protein should not be reduced. For the period of treatment, products such as sweet fruits, in particular grapes and raisins, as well as sweet carbonated drinks, are excluded from the diet. beverages.
Diabetes mellitus is the third cause of death after cardiovascular pathology and malignant neoplasms, since it causes damage to the vessels of the heart, brain, limbs, kidneys, retina, which, in turn, leads to the development of myocardial infarction, stroke, gangrene, and loss of vision.
Attention!
After classes, appetite often appears, but you should not eat right away. You must wait at least 30 minutes.

Type II diabetes в большинстве случаев возникает у людей с избыточным весом, однако встречается и у людей с нормальной массой body. The disease develops gradually and is due to hereditary predisposition.
Clinical signs of type II diabetes are thirst, frequent urination, itching, weakness, tingling in the feet and hands, long-healing wounds, and disorders in the cardiovascular system.

Cardiac ischemia

Under the name of IHD, a group of diseases is combined, the cause of which is a decrease or complete cessation of the blood supply to the heart muscle and, as a result, oxygen starvation of certain sections of the myocardium (ischemia).
Do you know that...
For the first time, a description of coronary heart disease was compiled in 1768 by the English physician Heberden.

In most cases, coronary heart disease is complicated by angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and is a consequence of atherosclerosis of the coronary vessels.

Predisposition factors for coronary heart disease
- excessive consumption of fatty and carbohydrate-rich foods and, as a result, obesity;
– малоподвижный образ жизни;
- stress;
- smoking;
- alcohol abuse;
- arterial hypertension;
- violations of electrolyte metabolism;
- hereditary predisposition;
– сахарный диабет.

It should be noted that men are more susceptible to coronary heart disease than women. Characteristic signs of coronary artery disease are a feeling of suffocation, aggravated in the cold, pain in the chest, palpitations, shortness of breath.

Phlebeurysm

It is an expansion of superficial veins, accompanied by a violation of the valves and a deterioration in blood flow. Distinguish between primary and secondary varicose veins extension. The primary is due to weakness or violations of the venous wall. Factors in the development of the disease are pregnancy, obesity, prolonged standing, congenital weakness of the connective tissue. Secondary varicose veins occur as a result of impaired venous outflow, as well as with tumors and injuries.
Do you know that...
In developed countries, varicose veins affect about 50% of women and 30% of men.

The main signs of varicose veins are fatigue, a feeling of heaviness in the legs, frequent cramps in the calf muscles, and swelling. Complications of varicose veins are acute thrombophlebitis, varicose rupture with bleeding, and chronic venous insufficiency with the development of trophic ulcers.

Cholelithiasis

It is characterized by the formation of stones in the gallbladder, as well as in the hepatic and bile ducts. It should be noted that women are most susceptible to this disease. After 40 years, stones are found in 32% of women and 16% of men. The main cause of stone formation is a violation of metabolic processes and infection of bile.
Cholelithiasis практически всегда сопровождается приступами желчной колики или острого холецистита. Complications of the disease are caused either by the addition of an infection (acute cholecystitis), or by the migration of stones (development of obstructive jaundice), or by a combination of them (acute cholecystitis with blockage of the biliary tract, cholangitis).
The main causes of gallstone disease are:
obesity;
diabetes;
pregnancy;
hereditary predisposition;
inflammatory processes in the gallbladder and biliary tract.
In addition to the above diseases, there is a relationship between the presence of excessive body fat and obesity and an increased risk of developing cancers of the esophagus, gallbladder, pancreas, breast, kidneys, uterus, cervix and prostate.
Attention!
In varicose veins, damaged valves allow blood to enter the superficial venous system, resulting in an increase in pressure in the latter and, as a result, the expansion of the veins occurs.

In many studies, a clear relationship has been traced between the mass index body and the development of colon cancer in both men and women.

Prevention of obesity

To prevent the appearance and development of obesity, it is first necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle, which includes proper nutrition and physical activity. Of course, there are also environmental factors, but, unfortunately, we cannot influence them.
It has been scientifically proven that...
Obesity и лишний вес у человека в возрасте 18 лет увеличивают риск смертности от рака молочной железы. However, it has also been noted that obese postmenopausal women no longer have an increased risk of breast cancer, most likely due to the protective effect of weight gain in women during this period.

Often, the chronic lack of time that makes up the lifestyle of a modern person does not allow you to spend hours in the gym or fitness club.
However, in most cases, the main reason for a sedentary lifestyle and all the diseases associated with it is not the lack of time, but the inability to clearly plan your daily schedule. After all, time itself will not appear from anywhere, it has to be calculated, often even to the detriment of other activities. For this reason, many people, having set out to lose weight and start a healthy lifestyle, after a while return to what they left.
It has been scientifically proven that...
The cause of obesity can be not only overeating and a sedentary lifestyle, but also a metabolic disorder. In this case, you will need to undergo a course of special treatment with an endocrinologist.

It should be noted that the lack of time is the result not so much of inability as of unwillingness to bring order into life. Agree, if there is not enough time for something, then somewhere you spent it in vain. Many people, in particular women, easily find time to watch their favorite TV shows and have long conversations with friends over a cup of coffee. Of course, rest and communication with friends are important components of a person's life, however, you will agree that health and beauty are still more important.
Do you know that...
The ratio of height and weight is directly related. So, with a height of 155-165 cm, the weight should be 55-65 kg.

Many will quite rightly note that the very concept of "planning a life" sounds boring. However there is no alternative in this case, because if you do not set aside time in advance to strengthen your own health, the situation will not change.
For more convenient planning of a daily or weekly schedule (the second option is more preferable), it is recommended to start a diary. In addition to the planned cases, you should leave some time in the diary for unforeseen circumstances. For example, reserve an extra day for fitness classes instead of the one in which they can be canceled. If the workout is not missed, during the free scheduled time, you can go to the same cup of coffee with a friend or relax in front of the TV. Such a schedule will allow you to clearly plan your time without missing anything important.
Do you know that...
At first glance, the treatment of obesity is not particularly difficult: eat less and move more. However