letters of each word are associated with the colors of the rainbow itself (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet). In the same way, you can try to remember events by giving them associations. For example, while reading, imagine that you are walking down the street. Each word is a part of it. Thus, having placed the data along the route that you usually go for bread, you will then easily remember them. Each time for new information you need to come up with new routes.
The main thing is that memory training brings joy, and also that you are aware of their need. Then next time you will not have to painfully remember the name of the actor who played in the movie that you just watched yesterday.
Memory without borders
Numerous testimonies and facts that are known to us both from very distant and close to us history testify to the limitless possibilities of human memory.
It is believed that memory was especially strongly developed among the ancient peoples. In ancient times, before the invention of printing, when books were handwritten and very expensive, people had to make much more demands on memory than they do now. Many scientists and educated people have developed their memory to such an extent that in our time it would seem like a miracle.
There is a legend that one Chinese emperor more than 2000 years ago was imbued with envy of his ancestors and the splendor of the previous national history. He tried to destroy all the historical, religious and philosophical systems of the past so that in the future the chronology would be from his reign. He burned everything that looked like a written document, including the writings of Confucius. Information about the history of the empire was destroyed and lived only in the form of traditions. However, the works of the great philosopher continued to exist in full thanks to one Confucian scholar, who retained in his amazing memory the teaching he learned in his youth. His memory was so perfect that when an old Confucian manuscript was found, it was found that the scholar did not miss a single word in the text.
And at present there are Indian priests who accurately remember all the songs of the Mahabharata in 300 thousand lines. And some scholars can reproduce from memory the Vedas, containing about a million words.
In our time, there are rabbis who, starting with any specified word, can recite the entire Talmud by heart, which is a whole library.
Magnificent memory possessed and possess not only religious figures. The Roman philosopher and writer Seneca could repeat two thousand incoherent words in the same order in which he heard them once. His friend Porcius Cato never forgot the speeches he had ever made, and his memory did not betray him in a single word.
An outstanding statesman and commander of antiquity, Themistocles called each of the 20 thousand inhabitants of Athens by name. Cardinal Mezzofanti, who spoke more than a hundred languages, never forgot a word once learned by heart.
These are, if I may say so, verbal types of memory. But, as experience and special studies show, there are other types of memory.
Malbachy, the great Florentine bibliophile, had an amazing memory for books and libraries. He knew the location of each book, not only in his own library, but also in other libraries of the world. One day the Duke of Tuscany asked him where he could find a rare book. Malbaki replied that there was only one copy of it in the Library of Constantinople on the seventh shelf of the third row to the right of the entrance.
Professor of the Moscow Conservatory F. Busoni had an exceptional musical memory: he memorized and could reproduce almost all the melodies he heard.
One of the most prominent chess players of the 19th century, the American Paul Morphy could play eight games simultaneously without looking at the chessboard. Another chess player - Paul Sens - played up to twenty. And Alexander Alekhine at the World Exhibition in Chicago in 1938 held a “blind” session of a simultaneous game on 32 chessboards. The game lasted 12 hours. The chess player had to operate with 1000 pieces on more than 2000 squares.
In 1845, a fire destroyed the building of the Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia, where, along with other valuable paintings, Murillo's "Daughter of Rome" also perished. Nearly 35 years later, Sorten painted the same painting from memory.
In 1805, Napoleon's troops took with them from Cologne Rubens' masterpiece, the painting "On the altar of St. Peter's Church." A local artist, a big fan of this painting, made a copy of it from memory. The original was later returned and, when compared with the copy, the most careful the study could not find a noticeable difference.
These examples are just the smallest of the huge number of phenomenal memory facts that science has accumulated today. But, despite this, the question of the mechanisms that create and maintain such memory, unfortunately, is still very little known.
Do you know that:
The memory of a four-year-old child is the same as that of an adult. The only difference is that it has not been developed yet.
According to recent studies, the best memory parameters in 19-year-olds.
The phenomenon of "déjà vu" - when we remember something from a "not our" past life or find ourselves in a situation where the thought arises: "it already happened" - is associated with the so-called genetic memory. Scientists conducted an experiment on rats. The test animals were frightened by a bright light. The offspring of these rats were not subjected to such experiments, but retained a fear of bright light.
In larks, memory productivity is at its highest between 8 am and 12 am, and in owls it is between 8 am and 12 pm.
Academician Abram Ioffe knew by heart the entire table of logarithms.
Bill Gates remembers hundreds of codes of the programming language he created.
It was enough for Mozart to hear a piece of music once in order to perform it and write it down on paper. After listening to Allegri's "Miserere" (in 9 parts), he managed to write down from memory the entire score of this work, which was kept secret by the Vatican. On the second listening, Mozart found only a few wrong notes in his recording.
Sergei Rachmaninoff possessed the same musical memory.
Conductor Arturo Toscanini memorized every note of the 400 scores.
Winston Churchill knew almost all of Shakespeare by heart.
When reading fast, eye fatigue is less than when reading slowly. 95% of people read very slowly - 180-220 words per minute (1 page in 1.5-2 minutes). The level of understanding in traditional reading is 60%, in fast reading - 80%.
Napoleon read at a speed of two thousand words per minute (about 12,000 characters). At what speed do you read?
Balzac read a novel of two hundred pages in half an hour.
N. A. Rubakin read 250 thousand books.
Commander A. Macedonian knew by sight and remembered the names of 30,000 soldiers of his army.
Someone E. Gaon literally remembered 2500 books read by him.
Archaeologist R. Schliemann, through hard training, achieved that he learned the next foreign language in 6-8 weeks.
highly professional the master grinder distinguishes a clearance of 0.6 microns.
The master textile worker distinguishes up to 100! shades of black.
The South African politician Jan Christian Smuts memorized 5,000 books in his old age, and the Burmese Visittabm Vumsa memorized 6,000 pages of Buddhist canonical texts in 1974.
The Japanese Hideaki Tomoyori named the number "pi" from memory with an accuracy of 40,000 decimal places.
Valery Lavrinenko remembers 100 characters in two and a half minutes, and 200 in three, while making a maximum of two or three mistakes. It reproduces the numbers in any order and will describe the appearance of the people who proposed those numbers.
Memory for phone numbers is especially useful. Paula Prentice, a call center operator in Tasmania, remembers 128,603 subscribers' phone numbers, names, addresses, institutions. Not bad for a girl who flunked her high school math exam! She receives calls from the local emergency service when urgent information is needed. True, Paula does not remember her phone number, she wrote it down on a piece of paper and constantly carries it in her purse.
Samvel Gharibyan accurately reproduces 1,000 words dictated to him, randomly selected from ten languages, including Farsi, Pashto, Khmer and Bengali.
American Barbara Moore performed 1852 songs on the piano from memory. Her "concert" lasted from October 25 to November 13, 1988!
On June 24, 1996, at the Guinness World Records Museum in Canada, American Dave Farrow memorized a random sequence of 52 decks of cards shuffled together. He gave them only one quick glance and memorized the cards with only six errors.
The cashier of the Polish football club "Gornik" Leopold Held remembered not only all the results, all the details of the club's games, but also the total amount of income from each of these matches for all 12 years of his work.
Casinos around the world forbade the Englishman Dominic O'Brien in writing to visit them: remembering which cards were left in the deck, he sharply increases the bet and breaks the bank, because he has a uniquely developed memory (he managed to remember the location of the shuffled cards of one deck in 38 seconds). In addition, Dominik memorizes up to 300 foreign words in an hour, and after 2-3 days he reads in a new language. The 1994 World Memory Championship included a competition in memorizing foreign words, and Dominic was the winner: in fifteen minutes - 152 words in Chinese.
The most successful portrait of President Lincoln was painted by his admirer - an artist from the