possible to transit traffic. Five state ports, forty-three private marinas occupy an important place in the country's transport system.
The Seka Kağıt Fabrikası Paper Factory is one of the oldest enterprises in the city (founded in 1934) and makes a great contribution to the development of the city's economic potential. Initially, the city's economy was based on the textile and timber industries. With the opening of firms such as Petrol Ofisi in 1941, TÜPRAŞ (tur.) rus. in 1960, Petkim in 1965, the oil refining industry took a significant share in the economy. In recent years, organic chemistry, metallurgy, the production of food, drugs, fertilizers, and paints have developed. Izmit also has a shipyard.