Salyan (Salyany; Azerbaijani Salyan) is a city in Azerbaijan, 130 km southwest of Baku, the administrative center of the Salyan region. It is located on the right bank of the Kura River.

History
Salyan was dependent on the Quba Khanate and was torn away from it by Nadir Shah. In the middle of the 18th century, Salyan was captured by Ibrahim Rudbari. The Salyans, dissatisfied with his rule, turned to the Quba Khan for help, and in 1757 the troops under the command of Fatali Khan took Salyan, expelling Ibrahim Rudbari and annexing the city to the Quba Khanate. In the period from 1729 to 1782 – the capital of the Salyan Sultanate. In 1799 Shamakhi khan Mustafa-khan seized Salyans and appointed his naib there. In 1868 it became the administrative center of the Dzhevat district of the Baku province, and in 1916 it received the status of a city. In the period from 1929 to 1930 – the center of the Mugan (Salyan) district. Since 1930, Salyan has been the administrative center of the Salyan region.

Population
According to the All-Russian census of 1897, 11,787 people lived in Salyan, mostly Azerbaijani Tatars (that is, Azerbaijanis).
According to the 1959 census, there were 17,197 inhabitants in the city, and in 1975 – 25,700 people. According to the 1979 census of the city, the population of the city reached 26,196, and in 1989 – 30,396 people.

Sport
The city is home to the Mugan football club, which plays in the Azerbaijan Premier League. The club performs at the Olympic stadium with a capacity of 5 thousand spectators (opened in 2008).