have a white belly and back - from light to dark. So that the number of cubs in the litter does not decrease, it is not recommended to cross between animals that have the black velvet gene.

White-pink is the result of crossing beige and white chinchillas that have beige, white and standard genes.

Due to double dominance, there is the possibility of beige and white genes. The ears of such animals are pink with black dots, the eyes are from pink to dark ruby, the fur is white. Brown spots of various shapes and locations are allowed.

Звероводы не рекомендуют скрещивать бело-розовые особи между собой из-за наличия гена белого INильсона, имеющего летальный фактор.

Homoebony. Color is currently not thoroughly studied. chinchillasы данного окраса отличаются красивым блеском и особой шелковистостью меха. However, breeding such animals is a rather difficult task, since homoebony grow more slowly and have smaller sizes compared to other hybrids.

Homoebony

Heteroebony. IN генотипе животных этого окраса содержатся гены стандартные и эбони. Obtaining a dark heteroebony chinchilla is possible by crossing a male of a similar color with light standard female.

The resulting individuals can be light, medium, dark, very dark. Crossing with a beige animal leads to the appearance of a pastel color. Heteroebony is the result of crossing homoebony and standard chinchilla, homoebony and heteroebony, heteroebony and standard, heteroebony with each other.

Velvet ebony. Velvet ebony are hybrids of black velvet, homoebony and heteroebony, having genes for black velvet, standard and ebony.

The presence of the velvet gene in heteroebony is determined by the dark color of the back and the “mask” on the head. Velvet homoebony are distinguished by light fur on the sides, dark fur color. Diagonal black stripes on the legs are not visible. The black color of the belly indicates the presence of the ebony gene.

Velvet heteroebony is obtained by crossing heteroebony with black velvet, velvet homoebony - by combining velvet heteroebony with homoebony or heteroebony. These individuals have shiny fur, close in decorativeness to the homoebony color. However, it is undesirable to cross between velvet chinchillas due to the presence of a “lethal gene”.

Violet color, related to recessive mutations, appears only in the homozygous state. The result of crossing with standard chinchillas are standard animals that carry a purple gene that does not appear externally. The color of the fur of such animals varies from light to dark lilac. The belly has a snow-white color.

purple color

This color is quite rare, since purple chinchillas begin to breed only at 14-18 months. But despite the difficulties that breeders face when breeding, these hybrids occupy the second most popular place in Europe after animals bearing ebony genes.

Experts recommend crossing a purple chinchilla with a standard carrier of purple so that the quality of the fur does not deteriorate.

Purple velvet. A hybrid of black velvet, homoviolet, having the black velvet gene, standard, and purple. The fur of the animal is dark lilac, the belly is white, diagonal dark stripes are located on the paws. The black velvet gene affects the basic purple color, making it darker.

The hybrid is bred in two stages: with a combination of black-velvet and purple chinchillas receive animals with the genotype black velvet - a carrier of purple, which are then crossed with purple. The resulting puppies can have a variety of colors, one of which is ultraviolet.

Sapphire. The sapphire color is recessive. When crossed with a standard chinchilla, puppies are obtained that are standard carriers of sapphire, which does not appear externally. The combination of two sapphire or one sapphire and a sapphire carrier results in sapphire animals. The color of the fur is preserved throughout the life of the animal.

IN 1967 году в Зимбабве появилась первая фиолетовая шиншилла. Her cubs were bought in 1975 by a California fur breeder, who began breeding animals of this color.

7
Prevention and treatment of diseases
Compared to other animals, chinchillas rarely get sick. Most often, the cause of their diseases is malnutrition, maintenance and care.

As you know, the disease is easier to prevent than to cure. The health of chinchillas is more dependent on proper care and nutrition.

IN настоящее время причины и течение различных заболеваний шиншилл основательно не изучены. Therefore, disease prevention is of great importance.

There are a number of recommendations, the implementation of which will help maintain the health of chinchillas: compliance with the rules of the diet, proper maintenance and care of animals; preventing the appearance of insects in the place of food storage, etc. It is very important to notice the first symptoms in time and prevent the disease.

INласоеды – паразитические насекомые семейства пухоедов, насчитывающего свыше 200 видов. Their body length is only 0.8-10 mm. They don't have wings.

Alopecia, or baldness. The cause of this disease is most often the wrong content of chinchillas. Bald spots can appear on the entire body or in certain areas. With proper nutrition and care, they disappear after a few months.

The reason for eating their own wool can be changes in the adrenal glands and pituitary gland. The first symptom of the disease is that the animal pulls out the hair on the abdomen. The sick must be placed separately from the healthy. Adrenocorticotropin therapy is effective in the treatment of individual individuals.

Bronchopneumonia is a serious complication of colds. chinchilla diseases. Accompanied by rapid breathing, coughing, wheezing, purulent discharge from the nose, shortness of breath, fever. For treatment, 10–50 thousand units are used. penicillin intramuscularly, once every 5-7 days - bicillin 10-50 thousand units, 15-20 mg of biomycin, sulfa drugs, expectorants. For the treatment of pulmonary congestion, viral and purulent pneumonia, similar drugs are used.

A sick animal must be placed separately from healthy ones, and special attention should be paid to nutrition and maintenance. However, treatment does not always bring positive results, so prevention in this case is of great importance.

INши и власоеды довольно часто становятся причиной различных кожных заболеваний. IN случае обнаружения в шерсти эктопаразитов к лечению необходимо приступить немедленно. To destroy them, use a special powder or insect repellent, which can be bought at a pet store.

INыпадение прямой кишки. With enteritis and constipation, cases of prolapse of the rectum are frequent. During treatment, the fallen part is lubricated with paraffin oil or an ointment containing antibiotics and set using a medical thermometer. Then 10 cm3 of a parachlorhelium mixture is injected into the large intestine, the abdomen is massaged in the direction from the tail to the head.

Deaths from respiratory diseases are quite common among pups and adults. Therefore, owners should pay as much attention as possible to the living conditions of rodents and in no case allow them to become hypothermic.

Dermatomycosis (fungal diseases) are dangerous not only for animals, but also for humans.

The disease manifests itself in a circular or single loss of hairs with hyperemia, crusting and is accompanied by itching of the skin. Sick animals are placed separately from healthy ones, paying special attention to hygiene and nutrition. IN течение трех недель им ежедневно дают по 20 мг гризеофульвина перорально.

Diseases of the teeth. One of the most common diseases in chinchillas is the so-called drooling. During the year, the upper incisors of a chinchilla grow by 5–6 cm, the lower ones by 8 cm. The degree of abrasion and grinding should correspond to the growth rate of the teeth. IN случае неправильного или недостаточного стирания резцы удлиняются или сдвигаются в сторону, коренные зубы grow, injure the tissue of the tongue, it becomes difficult for the chinchilla to eat, saliva begins to flow from the mouth, which makes the hair on the neck and chest wet and tangled. The disease is not always curable, the animals often die from exhaustion. However, at an early stage, the disease can be treated.

Constipation. Often the cause of constipation is a lack of water. Animals suffering from such a disease sit in the corner of the cage, make soft moans, sometimes jump on the walls. For treatment, it is necessary to give the chinchilla a mild laxative or to inject a dose of paraffin oil into the mouth and rectum. A similar effect has a subcutaneous injection of 0.2 ml of hyoscinbutyl bromide with metamizole or the introduction into the rectum of drugs that relieve convulsions and alleviate severe pain.

Keratitis. INо время драки животные могут повредить роговую оболочку глаза, что часто приводит к кератитам. In the treatment, fluorescein instillation and the use of eye ointments containing antibiotics, glucose, calcium, and vitamin A are effective.

Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea of ​​the eye, accompanied by clouding, pain, redness, and ulcers.

Conjunctivitis is a clear or purulent discharge from the eyes that occurs with many infectious diseases. The cause of the disease must be eliminated, otherwise the treatment will not bring a positive result. For conjunctivitis, ointment should be applied to the eyes every 1-2 hours. Damage to the cornea of ​​​​the eye is a consequence of unilateral conjunctivitis. IN подобном случае звероводы рекомендуют закапывать флуоресцин.

Ticks. In an animal affected by a tick, severe itching begins, the skin becomes thicker, flaky. Animals begin to lose weight and in some cases die. At an early stage of the development of the disease, a pet can be cured as follows: cut off the hair and wash it 4 times with an interval of 8 days in a 0.5% solution of bromocyclene. Disinfection of the habitat of chinchillas is required.

Flatulence occurs as a result of the intake of easily fermenting or low-quality green fodder. The disease manifests itself in a decrease in body temperature to 34.5 ° C, a deterioration in the general condition of the animal.

To treat such a disease, activated charcoal powder 100–500 mg or carbolene 100–500 mg are used. Dill water, infusion have similar healing properties.